AANP Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) Certification ExamAssessmentEasy
A 5-year-old child presents with a 3-day history of fever, malaise, and a 'slapped-cheek' rash on the face, followed by a lacy, reticular rash on the trunk and extremities. The child is otherwise active and well-appearing. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?
- ARubella virus
- BMeasles virus
- CVaricella-zoster virus
- DParvovirus B19
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: D. Parvovirus B19
The classic 'slapped-cheek' rash followed by a lacy, reticular rash on the trunk and extremities is pathognomonic for Erythema Infectiosum, also known as Fifth Disease, which is caused by Parvovirus B19.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Rubella presents with a maculopapular rash, often starting on the face and spreading quickly, but without the 'slapped-cheek' appearance.
- B. Measles presents with a maculopapular rash that starts on the face and spreads downwards, often preceded by Koplik spots.
- C. Varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox, characterized by vesicular lesions in various stages of healing.
Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
A common childhood viral illness caused by Parvovirus B19, characterized by a distinctive facial rash.
- Also known as 'Fifth Disease'.
- Classic 'slapped-cheek' rash.
- Followed by a lacy, reticular rash on body.
Memory trick: Parvo's 'P' is for 'Painted' Cheeks.