ISC2 Certified in Cybersecurity (CC)Access Controls ConceptsMedium

A user attempts to log into a system. They first enter their username, then their password, and finally, they are prompted to enter a one-time code generated by an app on their smartphone. Which authentication factor category does the smartphone app code represent?

  1. ASomething you do
  2. BSomething you have
  3. CSomething you know
  4. DSomething you are
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Something you have

The one-time code generated by a smartphone app falls under 'something you have,' as it requires possession of the physical device (the smartphone) to generate and access the code. This is a common form of multi-factor authentication.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Something you do refers to behavioral biometrics like typing patterns or gait.
  • C. Something you know refers to secrets like passwords or PINs.
  • D. Something you are refers to biometric factors like fingerprints or facial recognition.

Authentication Factors

Distinct categories of credentials used to verify a user's identity during authentication.

  • There are traditionally three main factors: knowledge, possession, inherence.
  • Multi-factor authentication (MFA) combines two or more different factors.
  • Stronger authentication uses multiple factors.

Memory trick: Know, Have, Are: the three factors to verify.

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