Journeyman Plumber ExamWater Supply SystemsEasy

A plumber is installing a potable water heater in a residential garage. The local code requires a thermal expansion tank. What is the primary purpose of installing this tank?

  1. ATo prevent excessive pressure buildup in the water heater and distribution system.
  2. BTo re-circulate hot water more efficiently throughout the home.
  3. CTo filter sediment and impurities from the incoming cold water supply.
  4. DTo increase the hot water delivery pressure to fixtures.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. To prevent excessive pressure buildup in the water heater and distribution system.

Thermal expansion tanks are crucial for safely managing the pressure increase that occurs when water is heated in a closed system. As water heats, it expands, and without an expansion tank, this expansion can lead to dangerously high pressures.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. Recirculation is handled by a different system; expansion tanks are not involved in water movement.
  • C. Sediment filtering is done by a filter, not a thermal expansion tank.
  • D. Expansion tanks do not increase delivery pressure; they manage excess pressure.

Thermal Expansion Tank

A device designed to absorb the increase in volume of water as it heats up in a closed plumbing system, preventing excessive pressure buildup.

  • Contains a diaphragm that separates air from water.
  • Protects water heaters, pipes, and fixtures from high pressure.
  • Required in closed water systems where a backflow preventer or pressure reducing valve is installed.

Memory trick: When water heats, it expands; the tank gives it space to dance.

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