CSLB C-27 Landscaping ContractorSite Preparation and DrainageMedium

A landscape contractor is designing a low-impact development (LID) feature to manage stormwater runoff from a residential driveway. The design includes a bioretention area (rain garden) that needs to effectively filter pollutants and allow infiltration. Which characteristic is crucial for the soil media used in this bioretention area?

  1. ALow organic matter content to prevent clogging
  2. BHigh compaction resistance for stability
  3. CHigh clay content for nutrient retention
  4. DRapid infiltration rate (4-8 inches/hour)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. Rapid infiltration rate (4-8 inches/hour)

Bioretention areas rely on rapid infiltration to capture and treat stormwater. A key characteristic of the engineered soil media is a sufficiently high infiltration rate (typically 4-8 inches/hour) to prevent ponding and promote downward movement of water.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Bioretention media typically requires moderate organic matter content (e.g., 2-5%) for biological activity and pollutant removal, not low content.
  • B. While some stability is needed, excessively high compaction resistance is not the primary crucial characteristic; proper grading and material selection achieve stability.
  • C. High clay content would impede infiltration, counteracting the primary function of a bioretention area.

Bioretention Soil Media Characteristic

Engineered soil media used in bioretention areas (rain gardens) must have a rapid infiltration rate (typically 4-8 inches/hour) to effectively manage stormwater runoff.

  • Allows quick absorption of stormwater.
  • Prevents prolonged surface ponding.
  • Critical for pollutant removal through filtration and biological processes.
  • Typically a mix of sand, compost, and topsoil.

Memory trick: Rain gardens need to soak it up FAST to filter and flow.

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