U.S. Citizenship Civics TestPrinciples of American DemocracyMedium

An applicant for naturalization is asked about the concept of 'federalism.' Which statement accurately describes federalism in the United States?

  1. APower is divided between a national government and various state governments.
  2. BAll governmental power is concentrated in the national government.
  3. CThe states have absolute authority over the national government.
  4. DLocal governments operate independently with no oversight from state or national authorities.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. Power is divided between a national government and various state governments.

Federalism is a system of government where power is constitutionally divided between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments, each having distinct spheres of authority.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This option is incorrect; this describes a unitary system, not federalism.
  • C. This option is incorrect; the national government has supremacy in certain areas, as per the Supremacy Clause.
  • D. This option is incorrect; local governments are typically subordinate to state governments, and the national government has ultimate authority in its sphere.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments.

  • Divides power between national and state governments.
  • Each level has its own distinct powers.
  • Aims to prevent tyranny and allow for local variation.

Memory trick: Federalism's way, two levels play, national and state, power's sway.

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