ACT (Enhanced)ScienceMedium
A marine biologist is studying the population dynamics of a specific fish species in a coral reef. Over five years, they record the average number of fish observed per 100 square meters of reef. The data are as follows: Year 1 (55 fish), Year 2 (62 fish), Year 3 (58 fish), Year 4 (65 fish), Year 5 (70 fish). Based on this data, what is the most reasonable conclusion about the fish population trend?
- AThe fish population is in decline.
- BThe fish population is stable.
- CThe fish population is generally increasing.
- DThe data is insufficient to draw any conclusion.
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. The fish population is generally increasing.
While there is a slight dip in Year 3, the overall trend from 55 to 70 fish over five years indicates a general increase in the population. The highest count is in the last year, supporting an upward trend.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. The counts show an overall increase, not a decline.
- B. The counts fluctuate but show a clear upward overall movement, not stability.
- D. Five data points over five years provide sufficient information to observe a trend.
Trend Analysis
Identifying patterns or directions in data over time or across different conditions.
- Looks for overall increase, decrease, or stability.
- Requires multiple data points.
- Can be affected by outliers or short-term fluctuations.
Memory trick: Look at the 'slope' of the story the numbers tell.