NFPA Paralegal Core Competency Exam (PCCE)Paralegal PracticeHard

A seasoned paralegal, highly proficient in legal research, is asked by a close friend (who is not a client of the firm) for advice on how to respond to a subpoena they received. The paralegal briefly explains the general process of responding to a subpoena and advises the friend on which sections of the subpoena form to fill out. Which ethical rule is most likely violated by the paralegal's actions?

  1. AUnauthorized Practice of Law (UPL)
  2. BDuty of Diligence
  3. CClient Confidentiality
  4. DDuty of Competence
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. Unauthorized Practice of Law (UPL)

Even though the paralegal is knowledgeable and the advice seems general, providing guidance on how to respond to a legal document like a subpoena, even to a friend, constitutes giving legal advice. This is explicitly prohibited for paralegals as it falls under the Unauthorized Practice of Law (UPL), as it provides specific direction on a legal matter without attorney supervision.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. Diligence relates to thoroughness in client work, not providing external advice.
  • C. No attorney-client relationship exists, so client confidentiality is not directly at play here.
  • D. The paralegal is proficient, so competence is not the primary issue.

Scope of Paralegal Practice (UPL)

The boundaries defining what legal tasks a paralegal can perform. These generally include substantive legal work under attorney supervision but strictly exclude giving legal advice, representing clients, or setting fees.

  • Paralegals cannot give legal advice, even to friends.
  • Any legal guidance must be under attorney supervision.
  • UPL can occur even if the advice is correct.

Memory trick: ADVISING on a legal FORM, even for a FRIEND, is a UPL STORM.

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