NFPA Paralegal Core Competency Exam (PCCE)Legal Writing and CommunicationHard

A paralegal is proofreading a draft appellate brief. The supervising attorney has stressed the importance of precise grammar and punctuation to maintain credibility. The paralegal encounters the following sentence: 'The court's decision, which was issued on May 1st 2023, is clearly erroneous.' Which grammatical correction is most appropriate for this sentence?

  1. AReplacing 'clearly erroneous' with 'patently incorrect'.
  2. BAdding a comma after 'May 1st'.
  3. CChanging 'is' to 'was' to reflect past tense.
  4. DRemoving the comma after 'decision'.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Adding a comma after 'May 1st'.

When a date includes the month, day, and year, a comma is typically used after the day and after the year if the sentence continues. In 'May 1st 2023,' a comma is needed after '1st' to separate the day from the year, and another after '2023' (which is already present in the original sentence due to the non-restrictive clause). The correct application of punctuation rules for dates is crucial for precision in legal writing.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Replacing 'clearly erroneous' with 'patently incorrect' is a stylistic change, not a grammatical correction, and 'clearly erroneous' is a standard legal term.
  • C. The verb 'is' is correct as the decision *is* currently considered clearly erroneous, even if issued in the past.
  • D. Removing the comma after 'decision' would incorrectly alter the punctuation of a non-restrictive clause.

Comma Usage with Dates

When a full date (month, day, and year) appears in a sentence, a comma should be placed after the day and after the year if the sentence continues.

  • Month, Day, Year format requires two commas.
  • If only month and year, no comma is needed between them.
  • If only month and day, no comma is needed after the day unless it's the end of a clause.

Memory trick: Punctuate Dates Right, or Your Brief's a Fright!

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