NIC Esthetician Written ExamScientific ConceptsEasy
A client is concerned about hyperpigmentation resulting from sun exposure. Which layer of the epidermis is primarily responsible for producing melanin and protecting the skin from UV radiation?
- AStratum Lucidum
- BStratum Granulosum
- CStratum Basale
- DStratum Spinosum
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Stratum Basale
The stratum basale (also known as the stratum germinativum) is the deepest layer of the epidermis, containing melanocytes that produce melanin for UV protection and basal cells for new skin cell production.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Stratum lucidum is a clear layer found only in thick skin (palms and soles) and is not involved in melanin production.
- B. Stratum granulosum is involved in keratinization and lipid production for barrier function, not melanin production.
- D. Stratum spinosum is known for its 'spiny' appearance due to desmosomes and contains Langerhans cells, but not primary melanin production.
Stratum Basale
The deepest layer of the epidermis, responsible for cell division and containing melanocytes that produce melanin.
- Deepest epidermal layer
- Contains basal cells (stem cells) for new skin production
- Contains melanocytes for melanin synthesis
- Also known as stratum germinativum
Memory trick: Lucy Grabs Some Basal Germs for Sun Protection.