NIC Esthetician Written ExamScientific ConceptsEasy
A client is concerned about the visible signs of dehydration on their skin, despite using a rich moisturizer. The esthetician explains that proper hydration also depends on substances that attract and bind water from the atmosphere into the skin. Which of the following terms describes these water-attracting ingredients?
- AOcclusives
- BEmollients
- CHumectants
- DSurfactants
Show answer & explanationAnswer & explanation
Correct answer: C. Humectants
Humectants are ingredients that attract and bind water from the environment (and deeper skin layers) to the skin's surface, helping to keep it hydrated.
Why the other options are wrong
- A. Occlusives create a physical barrier on the skin to prevent transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
- B. Emollients smooth and soften the skin by filling gaps between skin cells.
- D. Surfactants are cleansing agents that lower surface tension and help remove dirt/oil.
Humectants
Ingredients that attract and bind water, drawing moisture from the air and deeper skin layers to the surface of the skin, thereby increasing hydration.
- Examples include glycerin, hyaluronic acid, urea, sodium PCA.
- Work best in humid environments.
- Often used in conjunction with occlusives and emollients.
Memory trick: Hugs water, seals it in, smooths it out.