CompTIA SecurityX (CAS-005)Security EngineeringEasy

A critical infrastructure organization is implementing a new Industrial Control System (ICS) that requires extreme isolation from external networks due to the severe consequences of a breach. Data from the ICS network must be sent to a corporate reporting network for analysis, but no data or commands can ever flow back into the ICS network. Which security device is BEST suited to enforce this unidirectional data flow?

  1. AIntrusion Prevention System (IPS)
  2. BFirewall
  3. CData Diode
  4. DProxy Server
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. Data Diode

A data diode (or unidirectional gateway) is a hardware device that physically enforces one-way data flow, making it impossible for data to travel in the reverse direction, which is critical for highly secure ICS/OT environments requiring absolute isolation.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. An IPS detects and prevents intrusions but does not inherently enforce physical unidirectional data flow.
  • B. A firewall can filter traffic but is software-dependent and can be misconfigured or exploited to allow bidirectional flow.
  • D. A proxy server acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers and does not enforce unidirectional data flow.

Data Diode (Unidirectional Gateway)

A hardware device that permits data flow in only one direction, providing absolute network segmentation and preventing reverse data flow.

  • Physical enforcement of one-way data flow
  • Used for extreme network segmentation
  • Common in ICS/OT and high-security environments

Memory trick: Diodes Direct Data, Dangerously One-Way.

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