CompTIA Network+ (N10-009)Network TroubleshootingMedium

A technician is troubleshooting a server that connects to a 10Gbps switch port. Performance monitoring shows that the server's network interface is consistently operating at 1Gbps, despite the NIC being a 10Gbps card and the switch port configured for 10Gbps. The cable used is a Cat 6a, rated for 10Gbps up to 100 meters. Which of the following is the MOST probable cause of the speed discrepancy?

  1. AA faulty Cat 6a cable.
  2. BThe server's operating system is not optimized for 10Gbps.
  3. CThe switch port is configured for half-duplex.
  4. DThe server's TCP window size is too small.
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. A faulty Cat 6a cable.

Even with a Cat 6a cable, if there's any damage, improper termination, or excessive length/interference, it might auto-negotiate down to the highest reliable speed it can achieve, which is often 1Gbps. Since both the NIC and switch are capable of 10Gbps and configured for it, a faulty cable is the most probable physical layer cause for the negotiation down to 1Gbps.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. While OS optimization can affect throughput, it's unlikely to cause a hard negotiation down to 1Gbps when 10Gbps is available at the physical layer.
  • C. Half-duplex would cause severe performance issues and collisions but wouldn't necessarily force a speed negotiation down to 1Gbps if 10Gbps full-duplex is otherwise viable.
  • D. TCP window size affects application-layer throughput but does not dictate the negotiated link speed at the physical layer.

Link Speed Auto-negotiation Failure

Occurs when two connected network devices fail to agree on the highest common supported speed and duplex mode, often defaulting to a lower speed or half-duplex.

  • Can be caused by faulty cables, incompatible hardware, or misconfigured ports.
  • Results in reduced throughput and performance issues.
  • Troubleshoot by checking cables, port settings, and device compatibility.

Memory trick: Speed mismatch? Check the 'chain' for a weak link.

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