CompTIA Network+ (N10-009)Networking ConceptsHard

A data center architect is designing a new fabric where every leaf switch connects to every spine switch, but leaf switches do not connect directly to each other, ensuring predictable low-latency paths for east-west traffic between servers. Which topology is being implemented?

  1. AFull mesh topology
  2. BStar topology
  3. CRing topology
  4. DSpine-leaf topology
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. Spine-leaf topology

Spine-leaf topology is a two-tier data center design where every leaf switch connects to every spine switch, providing consistent, low-latency, non-blocking paths for server-to-server (east-west) traffic.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Full mesh connects every device to every other device directly, which is not how spine-leaf leaf switches interconnect.
  • B. Star topology has a single central device connecting all endpoints, not a two-tier fabric.
  • C. Ring topology connects devices in a closed loop, unrelated to this two-tier fabric design.

Spine-Leaf Topology

A data center network architecture where leaf switches (connected to servers) each connect to every spine switch, providing predictable, low-latency east-west traffic paths.

  • Two-tier design: spine and leaf switches
  • Every leaf connects to every spine
  • Optimized for east-west (server-to-server) traffic in data centers

Memory trick: Spine-leaf: 'leaves reach every branch of the spine, never each other'.

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