FAA Private Pilot Helicopter (PRH)Human FactorsHard

During a rapid descent in a pressurized environment, a pilot experiences sharp ear pain and cannot equalize pressure in the middle ear through normal swallowing. What technique should the pilot use to relieve this discomfort?

  1. AYawn repeatedly with the mouth wide open until pressure equalizes on its own
  2. BHold the breath and bear down forcefully as during weightlifting
  3. CPerform a Valsalva maneuver by gently pinching the nose and blowing while keeping the mouth closed
  4. DImmediately climb back to cruising altitude and descend more slowly next time
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. Perform a Valsalva maneuver by gently pinching the nose and blowing while keeping the mouth closed

The Valsalva maneuver—gently pinching the nose and blowing against a closed mouth and nose—forces air up the Eustachian tube to equalize pressure between the middle ear and the environment, relieving the pain of a blocked ear during descent.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. Yawning can help mild pressure changes but is often insufficient for a painful, blocked ear during rapid descent.
  • B. Bearing down forcefully like weightlifting (a true Valsalva against a closed glottis) does not equalize ear pressure and can cause other physiological issues.
  • D. Climbing back is a valid emergency option but not the primary technique used first for a normal ear block.

Valsalva Maneuver (Ear Block Relief)

A technique of gently pinching the nose and blowing with the mouth closed to force air through the Eustachian tube and equalize middle ear pressure during descent.

  • Used to relieve middle ear block during descent
  • Should be done gently to avoid inner ear damage
  • A cold or sinus congestion can prevent proper equalization, requiring the pilot not to fly

Memory trick: 'Pinch, blow, pop' — clear the tube like popping ears on a plane.

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