California Real Estate SalespersonProperty Ownership and Land Use ControlsMedium

A city council rezones one small parcel surrounded entirely by single-family homes to allow a gas station, benefiting only that parcel's owner and inconsistent with the surrounding residential character. This zoning action is an example of:

  1. AA conditional use permit
  2. BSpot zoning
  3. CLegal nonconforming use
  4. DA zoning variance
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. Spot zoning

Spot zoning occurs when a small parcel is zoned differently from surrounding land in a way that benefits only that owner and is inconsistent with the comprehensive plan for the area; courts often find such zoning invalid as arbitrary and not in the public interest.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. A conditional use permit allows a specific use under conditions within an existing zone, not a rezoning.
  • C. Legal nonconforming use is a preexisting use that predates a rezoning, not a new rezoning benefiting one parcel.
  • D. A variance grants relief from a specific development standard, not a change in zoning classification.

Spot Zoning

An arbitrary rezoning of a small parcel of land that is inconsistent with surrounding zoning and the general plan, typically benefiting only that owner.

  • Often challenged and invalidated by courts as improper
  • Usually inconsistent with the city's general plan
  • Differs from a legitimate zoning change serving broader public interest

Memory trick: A single spot rezoned just for one owner — that's spot zoning.

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