NCLEX-RNBasic Care and ComfortHard

A nurse is preparing to apply a new skin barrier wafer for a client with a fresh colostomy. The stoma measures 3.2 cm in diameter. Using standard ostomy sizing guides, the nurse should cut the wafer opening to which size?

  1. A2.8 cm, slightly smaller than the stoma to create a tight seal
  2. BExactly 3.2 cm, matching the stoma diameter precisely
  3. C5.0 cm, to allow for stoma swelling over the following weeks
  4. DApproximately 3.5 cm, about 1/8 inch (0.3 cm) larger than the stoma
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D. Approximately 3.5 cm, about 1/8 inch (0.3 cm) larger than the stoma

The wafer opening should be cut about 1/8 inch (approximately 0.3 cm) larger than the stoma to prevent the appliance from cutting into or constricting the stoma while minimizing skin exposure to stool: 3.2 cm + 0.3 cm ≈ 3.5 cm.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. A smaller opening will strangulate the stoma, cutting off blood flow.
  • B. An exact match risks constricting the stoma as it naturally moves and can cause trauma.
  • C. 5.0 cm is far too large and exposes excessive skin to stool, causing breakdown.

Ostomy Wafer Sizing

Proper measurement technique for cutting a skin barrier opening to fit a stoma without constricting it or exposing excess peristomal skin.

  • Cut opening about 1/8 inch (0.3 cm) larger than the stoma
  • Re-measure stoma regularly, especially in the first weeks postoperatively due to swelling changes
  • Opening too tight causes ischemia; too large causes skin breakdown from stool exposure

Memory trick: An eighth of an inch bigger keeps the stoma from getting stiffer.

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