FAA Instrument Rating Airplane (IRA)Navigation SystemsMedium

A pilot performs a VOR ground checkpoint test at an airport where the published check radial is 174°. With the CDI centered and a FROM flag displayed, the OBS reads 179°. Per 14 CFR 91.171, is the VOR system airworthy for IFR flight?

  1. AYes, because the error is less than 10°
  2. BNo, because ground checkpoints require a TO indication, not FROM
  3. CNo, because the 5° error exceeds the ±4° tolerance for a ground checkpoint
  4. DYes, because ground checkpoints allow up to ±6° error
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C. No, because the 5° error exceeds the ±4° tolerance for a ground checkpoint

A designated ground checkpoint allows a maximum error of ±4°. Here the difference between the published radial (174°) and the indicated radial (179°) is 5°, which exceeds the allowable tolerance, so the equipment does not meet the required check and must not be used for IFR until repaired/recalibrated.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. 10° is not the applicable tolerance for any VOR check type.
  • B. Ground checkpoints can be checked with either a TO or FROM indication, depending on facility orientation.
  • D. ±6° tolerance applies to airborne checkpoints, not ground checkpoints.

VOR Ground Checkpoint

A designated point on an airport surface with a published radial used to verify VOR receiver accuracy; allowable error is ±4°.

  • Ground checkpoint tolerance: ±4°
  • Airborne checkpoint tolerance: ±6°
  • Must be logged per 91.171 if used for IFR

Memory trick: 'Ground and dual: 4 is the rule; Airborne alone gets 6, that's the tool.'

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