FAA Instrument Rating Airplane (IRA)IFR Procedures and ChartsHard

An Obstacle Departure Procedure (ODP) requires a climb gradient of 290 feet per nautical mile to 5,000 feet MSL. The pilot plans to fly the departure at a groundspeed of 140 knots. What minimum rate of climb, in feet per minute, must the pilot maintain to comply with this requirement?

  1. A580 feet per minute
  2. B677 feet per minute
  3. C812 feet per minute
  4. D406 feet per minute
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B. 677 feet per minute

Required climb rate (fpm) = climb gradient (ft/NM) × groundspeed (kt) ÷ 60. Calculation: 290 × 140 ÷ 60 = 40,600 ÷ 60 ≈ 677 feet per minute.

Why the other options are wrong

  • A. This underestimates the required climb rate for the given groundspeed.
  • C. This overestimates the climb rate; check the division by 60 for minutes conversion.
  • D. This value results from an incorrect groundspeed or gradient figure in the calculation.

Climb Gradient to Climb Rate Conversion

A method to convert a published climb gradient (ft/NM) into a required rate of climb (fpm) based on groundspeed, ensuring obstacle clearance during a departure procedure.

  • Formula: Rate of climb (fpm) = gradient (ft/NM) × groundspeed (kt) ÷ 60
  • Higher groundspeed requires a higher climb rate for the same gradient
  • Climb gradient tables in the front of approach plate books simplify this conversion
  • ODPs specify the minimum climb gradient needed to clear obstacles

Memory trick: Gradient times speed, divide by sixty — get your climb rate quickly.

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