FAA Instrument Rating Airplane (IRA)Weather and Weather ServicesEasy

A pilot obtains a surface observation showing a temperature of 20°C and a dew point of 10°C. Using the standard rule of thumb, approximately what height above ground level (AGL) should the pilot expect the cloud base to form?

  1. A4,000 feet AGL
  2. B2,000 feet AGL
  3. C3,000 feet AGL
  4. D5,000 feet AGL
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A. 4,000 feet AGL

The temperature/dew point spread rule states that cloud base height (AGL) can be approximated by dividing the spread by 2.5°C per 1,000 feet. Here, the spread is 20°C − 10°C = 10°C, so 10 ÷ 2.5 = 4, giving an estimated cloud base of 4,000 feet AGL.

Why the other options are wrong

  • B. This would correspond to a spread of only 5°C, not 10°C.
  • C. This would correspond to a spread of 7.5°C, not the 10°C spread given.
  • D. This would require a 12.5°C spread, which is greater than given.

Cloud Base Estimation Rule

A rule of thumb used to estimate convective cloud base height by dividing the temperature/dew point spread (°C) by 2.5 and multiplying by 1,000 feet.

  • Spread(°C) ÷ 2.5 = height in thousands of feet AGL
  • In °F, divide spread by 4.4
  • Only an approximation, not exact

Memory trick: Spread ÷ 2.5 = cloud base thousands of feet.

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